The scientific paper in page 27 on the mysterious object in the chromosomes is real, it was published in Nature, Sep 25, 1986, Vol. 323, in the Scientific Correspondence section, see [1]. Article is paywalled, but you can use Sci-Hub [2]. The content is the same as shown in page 27. In the manga postscript, author said this article was unbelievable and it was where the inspiration came from. In reality, though, a few months later, an update in Nature said it was merely air bubbles formed during sample preparation due to contamination by pennate diatom [3][4][5][6].